Groundgranulated blast furnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder. Converting granulated blast furnace slag into fine aggregate. Gruyaert, effect of blastfurnace slag as cement replacement on hydration, microstructure, strength and durability of concrete, ghent university. Ground granulated blast furnace slag cement ggbfs is a fine glassy granules which contain cementatious properties.
Blast furnance slag user guideline portland cement. The majority of the demand for these products comes from the field of cement. The ground granulated blast furnace slag is a byproduct of iron manufacturing industry. Application of blast furnace slag sand in cement concretea case study m.
Page 5 granulated blast furnace slag is produced by quickly quenching chilling molten slag to produce a glassy, granular product. Reference case portland cement contents for use in determining portland cement reductions table 2. Groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder. Blast furnace slag is used predominately as base and concrete aggregate. Mar 03, 2017 it is fully called as groundgranulated blast furnace slag ggbs or ggbfs and is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is. Use of granulated blast furnace slag as fine aggregate in. Grade 80 has a low activity index and is used primarily in mass structures because it generates less heat than portland cement. It is a recovered industrial byproduct of an iron blast furnace. Pdf a study on the relationship between porosity of the cement. Groundgranulated blast furnace slag is highly cementitious and high in csh. The most common process is quenching with water, but air or a combination of air and water may be used. It is generally recognized that the rate of hardening of slag cement is somewhat slower than that of ordinary portland cement during the first 28 days but thereafter increases so that at 12 months the strengths become close to or even exceed those of.
A portland cement mixed with a designated amount of ground granulated blastfurnace slag. However the autogenous shrinkage of the portlamd blast furnace slag cement. Hiraskar and chetan patil abstractthe iron industries produce a huge quantity of blast furnace slag as byproduct, which is a nonbiodegradable waste material from that only a small percentage of it is used by cement industries to manufacture cement. Based on this concept, several trials were conducted at blast furnace slag granulation. Effect of blastfurnace slag as cement replacement on. To support the implementation of the roadmaps, action plans are being developed. Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing 1 introduction 1. Concrete containing slag is estimated to comprise approximately 20 percent of the hydraulic cement produced in europe. Concrete made with ggbs cement sets more slowly than concrete made with ordinary portland cement, depending on the amount of ggbs in the cementitious.
The compressive strength development of cement mortar. Why we are using blast furnace slag cement in concrete. It is used in shore and port structures, off shore constructions, disposed water. Identification of the material and supplier company details cement australia pty limited abn 75 104 053 474 18 station avenue darra, queensland 4076 tel. Identification of the material and supplier company details cement australia pty limited abn 75 104 053 474 18 station avenue tel. Effect of addition of ground granulated blast furnace slag. The samples of the cement composites were prepared with the following types of cements. Ggbfs is divided into three classifications based on its activity index. Blast furnace slag cement is the mixture of ordinary portland cement and fine granulated blast furnace slag obtained as a by product in the manufacture of steel with percent under 70% to that of cement.
In this research effect of partial replacement of cement with ggbs on strength development of concrete and cured under summer and winter curing environments is established. To reduce the embodied carbon dioxide of structural concrete, portland cement pc in concrete can be partially replaced with ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs. In c219, slag cement is defined as a blend of granulated blastfurnace slag and hydrated lime in which the slag constituent is more than a specified minimum. Safety data sheet ground granulated blast furnace slag. Effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag in portland cement. Ground granulated blast furnace slag 71112 following is a list of slag cement suppliers approved to supply the indicated brand of ggbfs to department work in accordance with the current provisions of both ground granulated blast furnace slag 71112, and materials method 10. Use of aircooled blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate in. This paper deals with the results of an experimental investigation on structural properties of fiber reinforced concrete with ggbs. Concrete, aci manual of concrete practice, part 1, 2004. The waste products are upgraded in highvalue applications and the need for clinker is reduced. By processing blast furnace slag into slag cement or slag aggregate, the material is diverted from landfills. Application of blast furnace slag sand in cement concretea. Portland blastfurnace slag cement is a mixture of ordinary portland cement and not more than 65 wt.
Pdf properties of blastfurnace slag cement concrete. Mechanochemical modification of cement with high volumes of blast furnace slag. In petroleum engineers guide to oil field chemicals and fluids second edition, 2015. Factors, such as the growth of various end user industries and increase in the demand for ground granulated blast furnace slag from the cement industry are expected to drive the central eastern. Expanding the use of portland blast furnace slag cement is one measure included in the plan to achieve the targets of the kyoto protocol, and there are large expectations for its ability to help reduce co 2 emissions. While there are many applications and benefits of slag cement, a few are highlighted below and detailed information sheets are located here. Slag cement is commonly found in readymixed concrete, precast concrete, masonry, soil cement and high temperature resistant building products. Slag portland cement, which may be a true portland cement. Blastfurnace cement definition and meaning collins english. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbfs, sometimes simply referred to as. For more information call 0 cement 0 236 368 or visit au safety data sheet ground granulated blast furnace slag section 1. One way to implement this thought, is the use of industrial byproducts as cement replacing material. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag cement is a supplementary. Slag cement is a hydraulic cement formed when granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is ground to suitable fineness and is used to replace a portion of portland cement.
Slag cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs, granulated blast furnace slag gbfs, slag product form. For this purpose, normal concrete having compressive strength of 34 mpa was designed using. The coordinates of the grinding table diameter and number of rollers can be read off from the table. This report presents available information regarding the use of aircooled blast furnace slag acbfs as coarse aggregate in concrete pavements. Cementitious applications of ground iron blast furnace slag by donald w. Properties and uses of iron and steel slag mf 1826 national slag association. Using the same admixtures, the properties of the blended cement with 70% additives could reach the standard of 525grade slag cement according to gb. Lewis, chief engineer aci convention, march 8, 1984 iron blastfurnace slag in the process of extracting iron from ores, a blast furnace is charged with the ores, flux stones and coke. Ground granulated blast furnace slag is used as an additive with portland cement in combination with water and aggregates to form concrete. Enhancing sustainability reference data sheet 5 2012. For more information call 0 cement 0 236 368 or visit au safety data sheet granulated blast furnace slag section 1. Blended cement containing blast furnace slag bfs and phosphorous slag ps is a new kind of cement.
Mc nataraj et al 20 9 the granulated blast furnace slag as a sand mixed with in cement mortar to reduce weather problems related to aggregate properties and waste by product materials should. Effect of blast furnace slag powder on compressive. Based on this concept, several trials were conducted at. It is fully called as groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs and is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is. Ground granulated blast furnace slag 71112 following is a list of slag cement suppliers approved to supply the indicated brand of ggbfs to department work in accordance with the current provisions of both ground granulated blast furnace slag 71112, and materials method 10 manufacturerlocations and approved supply locations shown as. In this investigation ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs is used as an alternative binder and filler materials for ordinary portland cement opc. Slag cement granulated blast furnace slag 11 benefits of the concretes produced with blast furnace slag cement hydration the reaction between blast furnace slag cement and water is a complicated process. Blast furnace slag is the glassy granular material formed when molten blast furnace slag is rapidly chilled, as by immersion in water virgalitte et al. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs jsw cement. The clinkers of cement are ground with about 60 to 65 per cent of slag. Converting granulated blast furnace slag into fine aggregate 95 slags can be increased by optimizing granulation parameters such as water temperature and flow rate to produce slag sand similar to river sand.
Abstract this paper highlights a case study of granulated blast furnace slag. Properties of concrete containing ground granulated blast. The larger flexural strength of blast furnace slag concrete is the result of the stronger bond which is achieved in cement slag aggregate system due to slag particle shape and surface texture. Approximately 40% of iron and steel slag products, and 60% of blast furnace slag, are used in cement. Introduction in this project we have investigates the results of properties on concrete by partial replacement of cement opc 43grade up to 20% with groundgranulated blast furnace slag and fine aggregate replaced up to.
Conclusion the substitution of natural aggregate with slag sand has positive impact on workability, compressive strength and durability. Ggbf slag has been used in concrete in japan and western europe since the 1940s. Also in the concrete and cement industry, attempts are made to minimize the environmental impact. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag gcp applied technologies. This involves the activation of the slag with alkalis and sulphates in order to form its hydration product. Blastfurnace slag is the glassy granular material formed when molten blastfurnace slag is rapidly chilled, as by immersion in water virgalitte et al. It was determined that there is a minimum channel diameter needed to allow free flow of slag. Portland cement is a good catalyst for activation of slag because it contains the three main chemical components that activate slag.
M50 grade of concrete was considered for the study. The material has glassy structure and is ground to less than 45 microns. Blast furnace slag cement cem iiia 42,5 r a hydraulic cement produced by milling 2080 parts by weight of portland cement clinker together with a corresponding amount 8020 parts of blast furnace slag and a quantity of gypsum. Production of portland blastfurnace slag cement began in 1910, and the japanese national standard for portland blastfurnace slag cement jes 29 was formulated in 1926. Blastfurnace cement definition and meaning collins. Sustainability is getting more and more attention during the last years. Blastfurnace slag is used in makingfour classes of cement puzzolan, or ordinary slag cement, usually simply called slag cement. Slag cement benefits and use in concrete slag cement news. The central eastern european blast furnace slag market is estimated to reach usd 473.
The latent hydraulic property of the blastfurnace slag gives excellent longterm strength. Molten slag diverted from the iron blast furnace is rapidly chilled, producing glassy granules that yield. Slag cement is often referred to as ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbfs. Iron and steel slag products are used in a variety of areas where their unique characteristics are put to effective use. Effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag as partial. This material is obtained by the heating of iron ore, limestone and coke at a temperature about 1500 degree celsius. Use of aircooled blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate. A portland cement mixed with a designated amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag. Such a slag acquires liquid mobility and trickles down the furnace away from the site where it starts distorting plastically, as soon as possible. The width of the fields is a measurement of the output factor. During this process, the slag gets fragmented and transformed into amorphous granules glass, meeting the requirement of is 12089. This paper investigates the possibility of utilizing granulated blast furnace slag gbfs as a sand substitute in cement mortar, in order to reduce environmental problems related to aggregate mining and waste disposal. Iron ore, coke and limestone are fed into the furnace and the resulting molten slag floats above the molten iron at a temperature of about 15000c to 16000c.
Analysis of slag flow in blast furnace during the extraction. Use of blast furnace slag as an alternative of natural. The total content of blended materials could increase if two additives were used. Cementitious applications of ground blastfurnace slag. A guide to the use of iron blast furnace slag in cement and concrete asa data sheet 5 2 table 1. Properties significant chemoresistance, and suppression of alkaliaggregate reaction type b and c. Properties of hardened concrete with blast furnace slag. Use of blast furnace slag as an alternative of natural sand. Kg a889 wb admixture lt group 2 mix cement super 20. Ground granulated blast furnace slag consist essentially silicates and alumino silicates of calcium. Blastfurnace cement definition of blastfurnace cement by. Application of blast furnace slag sand in cement concretea case study 457 4.
The report discusses acbfs aggregate production and properties, and the properties of concrete produced with acbfs coarse aggregate. Under the kyoto protocol, japan has made a commitment to the world to reduce its 2008 2012 emissions of greenhouse gases by 6% from 1990 levels. Central eastern european blast furnace slag market. Documents that specify or describe the chemical and physical properties of. Strength development characteristics of concrete produced. Ground granulated blast furnace slag conclusion jsw. Another strategy to limit the amount of portland cement used in concrete is to add gypsum caso 4 2h 2o or anhydrite caso 4 to make supersulfated cement. For the slagcoke systems tested, the minimum channel diameter ranged. Blast furnace slag material description origin in the production of iron, iron ore, iron scrap, and fluxes limestone andor dolomite are charged into a blast furnace along with coke for fuel. A blended cement containing blast furnace slag and. This glassy granulates are dried and pulverized which is known as ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbs. Groundgranulated blast furnace slag is highly cementitious and high in csh calcium silicate hydrates which is a. This action exposes fresh sites for further reaction and is supposedly responsible for enhanced slag metal reaction rates, influencing the blast furnace operations and the quality of the metal.
Granulated blast furnace slag is obtained by rapidly chilling quenching the molten ash from the furnace with the help of water. In blast furnace cement, the slag as obtained from blast furnace is used. The slag is a waste product in the manufacturing process of pigiron and it contains the basic elements of cement, namely, alumina, lime and silica. Lewis, chief engineer aci convention, march 8, 1984 iron blast furnace slag in the process of extracting iron from ores, a blast furnace is charged with the ores, flux stones and coke. Mechanochemical modification of cement with high volumes of. Blastfurnace cement definition of blastfurnace cement.
Nonportland cement activation of blast furnace slag. Ground granulated blast furnace slag cement ggbs, a byproduct in steel manufacture, has been used to improve concrete strength development during accelerated curing but poses a challenge of. The coke is combusted to produce carbon monoxide, which reduces the iron ore to. The xcoordinate indicates which product throughputs can be generated using the respective mills. Group 1 and group 2 mixesgroup 1 and group 2 mixes admix group 1 cement wb lt wrd mix no. The strength of cement with 80% additives could reach the. Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing. It is generally recognized that the rate of hardening of slag cement is somewhat slower than that of ordinary portland cement during the first 28 days but thereafter increases so that at 12 months the strengths become close to or even exceed. Blast furnace slag an overview sciencedirect topics.
From the abovementioned test results, autogenous shrinkage of the portland blast furnace slag cement concrete with blast furnace slag of 20% content and so 3 3. Ground granulated blast furnace ggbf slag used in concrete. Emission factors for concrete constituents as defined by. The latent hydraulic property of the blast furnace slag gives excellent longterm strength. Iron cement or eisen cement, which is a mixture of slag and ordinary portland cement. It consists of nonmetallic minerals, which are tapped off from the blast furnace while molten. The coke is combusted to produce carbon monoxide, which reduces the iron ore to a molten iron product. Blast furnace slag cement manufacture, properties and uses. Faculty of engineering and architecture, ghent, belgium, 2011.
Concrete, compressive strength, groundgranulated blast furnace slag, flexural strength, marble slurry. Slag mix slurries were used as primary, temporary abandonment and sidetrack plug cements during. Blast furnace slag is used successfully as a mudto cement conversion technology in oil well cementing worldwide because of economic, technical, and environmental advantages 86. Blast furnace cement pbfc and high slag blast furnace cement hsbfc, with ggbs content ranging typically from 30 to 70% and in the production of readymixed or sitebatched durable concrete. They include portland cement as covered by aashto m85 2, portland blast furnace slag cement blended cement type is, and slag cement slag cement type s as per aashto m240. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is designated in astm c 989 and consists mainly of silicates and aluminosilicates of calcium. The gbs and css blended concrete laboratory trials experiment carried out and case study of actual concrete supplied at. The ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is a byproduct of iron manufacturing which when added to concrete improves its properties such as workability, strength and durability. Ground granulated blast furnace slag in concrete and its. Characteristics of portland blastfurnace slag cement. The larger flexural strength of blast furnace slag concrete is the result of the stronger bond which is achieved in cementslagaggregate system due to slag particle shape and surface texture. Consisting of a mixture of portland cement and ground granulated slag, these cements began commercial production in.
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