Your doctor may recommend that you drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration from vomiting and a high fever. There are four dengue virus denv types denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4, all of which are capable of inducing severe disease dengue hemorrhagic fever dhfdengue shock syndrome dss. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne infection that causes severe flulike symptoms and can be fatal. The viral infection usually resolves within a week or two and in the meantime, the illness can be managed using paracetamol to relive. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Jan 27, 2016 introduction dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf result from infection by any of four serotypes of dengue viruses.
In dengue endemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of dengue infection should be reported to the relevant authorities as soon as possible. Treatment treatment for classic dengue fever is supportive. Dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. Dengue is a febrile illness that can have a fatal outcome in severe cases. Treat the symptoms of dengue and see your healthcare provider. The actual dengue burden of dengue infection is likely more than 3 times the burden estimate clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic fever management for asian economic community.
Dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and. It can also become dengue shock syndrome, which causes massive bleeding and shock. Supportive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest is usually sufficient. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health cdc. Although most cases are asymptomatic, severe illness and death may occur. Centers for disease control and prevention cdc considers dengue fever to cause the majority of acute febrile illnesses in travelers returning to the u. Treatment there is no specific treatment for classic dengue fever, and most people recover within 2 weeks. Dengue classically presents with high fever, headache, body aches, exanthem, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Recognize when to consider dengue in the differential diagnosis of acute fever. The world health organization who has provided a number of free publications about dengue supportive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and.
Clinical and serologic study of cuban children with dengue hemorrhagic feverdengue shock syndrome dhfdss. This acute febrile illness can be a deadly infection in cases of severe manifestation, causing dengue hemorrhagic shock. Dengue is a highly endemic infectious disease of the tropical countries and is rapidly becoming a global burden. Description of the clinical picture of dengue hemorrhagic feverdengue shock syndrome dhfdss in adults. The endemic area for dengue fever extends over 60 countries, and approximately 2. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by infection with one of four dengue viruses denv transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes during the taking of a blood meal. Treatment for dengue fever there is no specific medicine to treat dengue infection. It is also known as breakbone fever due to the severity of muscle spasms and joint pain, dandy fever, or sevenday fever because of the usual duration of symptoms. Apr 17, 2020 dengue fever is a common tropical infection. May 03, 2019 dengue fever is usually a selflimited illness. Clinical findings include nausea, vomiting, rash, aches and pains, a positive tourniquet test, leukopenia, and the following. Feb 16, 2018 certain laboratory tests can detect evidence of the dengue viruses, but test results usually come back too late to help direct treatment decisions.
Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by some types of mosquitoes. Dengue treatment external link opens in a new window. A virus causes dengue fever, and there is no specific medicine or antibiotic to treat it. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever. Infection may be asymptomatic or present with a broad range of clinical manifestations including a mild febrile illness to a lifethreatening shock syndrome. Dengue knowledge for medical students and physicians. There are no specific medications for treating dengue fever. Dengue fever including symptoms, treatment and prevention dengue fever is an infection caused by dengue viruses, of which there are four different serotypes known to infect humans.
Dengue fever symptoms, causes, contagious, rash, prevention. Dengue fever is estimated by the world health organization who to cause about 50100 million infections per year worldwide. Dengue hemorrhagic fever can occur when someone is bitten by a mosquito or exposed to blood infected with the dengue virus. It is caused by any of the 4 serotypes of dengue virus and is transmitted within humans through female aedes mosquitoes. For severe dengue symptoms, including shock and coma, early and aggressive emergency treatment. Dengue disease varies from mild fever to severe conditions of dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. Antiviral medications are also not indicated for dengue fever. Patients should be encouraged to drink plenty of fluids. Treatment recommended for all patients in selected patient group. Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses denv. 50485058 april 2015 with 36,907 reads how we measure reads. There are four dengue virus denv types denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4, all of which are capable of inducing severe disease dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf dengue shock syndrome dss.
For typical dengue fever, the treatment is directed toward relief of the symptoms symptomatic treatment. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne disease caused by a virus. Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4. The viral infection usually resolves within a week or two and in the meantime, the illness. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. Contents ii who library cataloguing in publication data dengue haemorrhagic fever. Dengue outbreaks occur each year in north queensland following cases imported from overseas. Mar 02, 2020 dengue is a mosquitoborne viral disease that has rapidly spread in all regions of who in recent years. Dengue fever treatment algorithm bmj best practice. The disease is mainly tropical in origin but occasionally residents or visitors from other countries may arrive in this country with dengue fever.
If you think you have dengue pdf icon pdf 1 page see a healthcare provider if you develop a fever or have symptoms of dengue. Diagnosis and management of dengue fever in children. Acetaminophen may be taken to control fever and aching if necessary. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. Its laboratory diagnosis, with special emphasis on igm detection. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. The world health organization who has provided a number of free publications about dengue. For those who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required.
Dengue fever symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj. There is no specific treatment for dengue infection. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment and should not be relied on to make decisions about your health. Dengue is a globally important public health problem. Guidelines for dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. There are no licensed vaccines to prevent dengue and no specific therapies to stop or limit viral replication or modulate the severity of symptoms in patients. The difficulty in controlling dengue infection stems from three root causes, ie, the presence of four different serotypes of virus, each with the independent ability to cause fatal disease, a lack of understanding of pathophysiology, nonavailability of specific treatment, nonavailability of a vaccine for prevention. Jun 28, 2019 what is the treatment for dengue fever. Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths.
In the past 15 years, we have witnessed a dramatic increase in the global incidence of dengue and its severe manifestations such as dengue haemorrhagic fever. For typical dengue, the treatment is concerned with relief of the. The main symptoms of dengue are high fever, severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, joint pain, muscle and bone pain, rash, bruising, and may include mild. Treatment of dengue fever senaka rajapakse,1,2 chaturaka rodrigo,1 anoja rajapakse31department of clinical medicine, faculty of medicine, university of colombo, sri lanka. Dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread. To help with recovery, health care experts recommend. Dengue begins abruptly after an incubation period of 57 days range, 310 days, and the course follows 3 phases.
In some cases, dengue turns into dengue hemorrhagic fever, which causes bleeding from your nose, gums, or under your skin. Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes especially aedes aegypti and is widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. Dengue fever is a viral infection that can cause lifethreatening illness, milder flulike illness, or no symptoms at all. In dengue endemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of dengue infection should be reported to relevant authorities as soon as possible so that appropriate measures can be instituted to prevent dengue transmission. Discuss the diagnosis and management of this common tropical illness. World health organization, special programme for research and training in tropical diseases tdr. Dengue fever dengue fever is a reportable disease in oklahoma.
In dengueendemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of dengue infection should be reported to relevant authorities as soon as possible so that appropriate measures can be instituted to prevent dengue transmission. The endemic area for dengue fever extends over 60 countries, and. Dengue fever symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj best. Endemic in more than 120 countries, particularly the southeast asian and western pacific regions, the caribbe. If you think you may have dengue fever, you should use pain relievers with acetaminophen and avoid medicines. Aspirin is contraindicated both because of its anticoagulant effects and the increased risk of developing reye syndrome. Centers for disease control advises people with dengue fever not to take aspirin. Because dengue fever is caused by a virus, there are no specific antibiotics to treat it. Dengue fever vaccine, symptoms, treatment, prevention. Since the last major pandemic in 1998, epidemics have recurred in much of the area. Dengue is a mosquitotransmitted virus and the leading cause of arthropodborne viral disease in the world. There is no specific antiviral treatment currently available for dengue fever. Dengue and severe dengue world health organization.
Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the species aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, ae. Focusing on the serious form of dengue, the forms with overt bleeding dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock dengue shock syndrome are classified as dengue with high severity. Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. Dengue fever is a severe, flulike illness that affects infants, young children and adults, but seldom causes death. As the outbreaks of dengue fever increasing in india, one state after other getting affected, it is very essential to know more about this disease and prevalence, any change in the viral strain. Once you are infected with one of the dengue viruses, you will develop immunity to that. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever vii dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes mosquitoes with major public health consequences in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries in southeast asia, the western pacific and south and central america. Severe dengue fever is characterized by marked thrombocytopenia, severe hemorrhage, plasma leakage leading to shock or fluid accumulation with respiratory distress, and severe organ impairment. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by a flavivirus transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes while taking a blood meal. A randomized controlled trial of chloroquine for the.
It is a caused by a flavivirus with four distinct serotypes dv1, dv2, dv3, and dv4. This mosquitoborne viral infection results in an estimated 50 million cases of symptomatic illness each year in over 100 affected countries. The incidence of dengue has multiplied many times over the last five. Transmission occurs through the bite of infected aedes mosquitoes, principally aedes aegypti, which is also the principal urban vector of yellow fever. Following these meetings, guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and control of dengue fever were developed by the world health organization who in 1975. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of climate. Dengue occurs in many tropical and subtropical areas of the world, particularly subsaharan africa, the middle east, southeast asia, and central and south america. It is widespread across asia, the pacific, central and southern america and africa where these mosquitoes exist.
While recovering from dengue fever, watch for signs and symptoms of dehydration. Feb 26, 2019 there are no specific medications for treating dengue fever. Febrile patients should avoid mosquito bites to reduce risk of further transmission. Infants and young children may have a nonspecific febrile illness with rash. Clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic. Dengue fever is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. Call your doctor right away if you develop any of the following. Dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and is caused by one of four dengue viruses. The acute phase of the illness with fever and muscle pain lasts about one to two weeks. The clinical features of dengue fever vary according to the age of the patient. Patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin acetylsalicylic acid, aspirincontaining drugs, and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen because of their anticoagulant properties. In november 2009, the world health organization who issued a new guideline that classifies symptomatic cases as dengue or severe dengue.
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